Electric and hybrid
Traction batteries, EV-specific diagnostics and hybrid systems. ← Browse sections
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Ford Kuga and Puma: wet belt, hybrid and the checks that matter
Two Fords sharing engines with the Fiesta and Focus, plus hybrid systems that add their own considerations. The wet belt question applies to both.
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Lexus RX and NX: premium Toyota hardware and the extra modules
Toyota mechanicals with a premium electronics layer. The engine documentation transfers directly; the module density is what differs.
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Peugeot 3008 and 5008: larger PSA cars and their diagnostics
The same engines as the smaller cars in a heavier body, with more electronics and a hybrid option. The engine questions are identical; the electrical ones are not.
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Toyota C-HR and Yaris Cross: hybrid diagnostics for the newer range
Toyota hybrid hardware in crossover bodies. What generic OBD-II reaches, what it does not, and the two checks that matter most.
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Toyota Yaris and Aygo: small Toyotas and what actually goes wrong
Two of the more reliable small cars on the market, which changes what a diagnostic article is for: mostly confirming that nothing is wrong.
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VW ID.3 and ID.4: what diagnostics looks like on the MEB platform
A dedicated electric platform means most of what generic OBD-II was designed to read does not exist. Here is what still matters and what still works.
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Changan and BYD: OBD-II access on combustion and electric models
BYD sells mostly electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles, which changes what OBD-II can tell you. Changan combustion models read conventionally. The difference is worth understanding first.
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Polestar, Zeekr and NIO: diagnostics on newer EV platforms
Three EV brands built after generic OBD-II stopped being relevant. What that means for owners, and which readings still repay attention on any electric car.
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Tesla Model 3 and Y: what OBD gives you and what it does not
There is no standard OBD-II socket on a Model 3 or Y, and no emissions data to report even if there were. Here is what is actually accessible and what genuinely matters.
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Electric car will not start: why the cheap battery is at fault, not the expensive one
The most common electric car failure is an ordinary lead-acid battery costing a hundred dollars. Why it works harder in a car with no engine than in a petrol one, and how to keep an eye on it.
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OBD on an electric car: what a standard built for emissions actually shows
OBD-II was invented to monitor exhaust. An electric car has no exhaust — so half the services lose their purpose. What remains useful, and where manufacturer requests take over.
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Plug-in hybrids: the hardest type of car to diagnose
Here you have everything at once: a combustion engine with a full emissions system plus a high-voltage drivetrain. And each half suffers because the other keeps working in its place.
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Buying a used electric car: why mileage tells you almost nothing
On a petrol car mileage is the main reference. On an electric car it is secondary: everything hinges on the traction battery, and that ages from conditions and charging habits rather than kilometres.
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48-volt mild hybrids: what they actually are and why "hybrid" is nearly marketing here
The paperwork says hybrid, and the car cannot travel a single metre on electricity. What the 48-volt system actually does, why there are two batteries, and how to diagnose it over OBD-II.
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Electric Vehicle OBD-II Diagnostics: Nissan Leaf, BYD, Renault Zoe — Battery and Motor
How OBD-II and BMS protocols help diagnose EV battery degradation: P0A80 cell deterioration, SOH monitoring, cell balancing, inverter temperature — what you can read without dealer tools.
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Lexus Common OBD-II Codes: RX, IS, ES, NX
Top DTC codes for Lexus RX 350/450h, IS 250/300, ES 300h, NX: P0012 VVT-i, P3190 hybrid engine, P0741 transmission, TPMS — OBD-II diagnostics guide.
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Toyota Prius Hybrid Diagnostics via OBD-II: HV Battery, P0A80, EV Mode
Complete OBD-II diagnostics for Toyota Prius Gen 2/3/4: P0A80 HV battery degradation, P3190 engine in hybrid mode, cell voltage check, PCU inverter — practical guide.
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Hybrid battery: how OBD-II reads SoH for Toyota Prius, Honda Insight, and why "block imbalance" is critical
What State of Health (SoH) HV battery is, how OBD-II reads capacity, block voltage, imbalance for Prius, Insight, Camry Hybrid. When to repair/replace, prices.
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EV and hybrid OBD-II diagnostics: Tesla, Nissan Leaf, hybrids, and where the standard ends
What OBD-II can and can't do on electric vehicles: hybrid diagnostics for Toyota Prius, reading battery health on Nissan Leaf, Tesla's limitations, and the role of manufacturer CAN.
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Common Toyota Faults: Camry, Corolla, RAV4 — DTC Codes and Repair
Catalogue of common Toyota Camry, Corolla, RAV4, Prius faults: oxygen sensors, catalyst, DPF, VVT-i, hybrid system, EGR.