Engine shakes on cold start

Engine vibrates the first 30-60 seconds after starting in cold weather — what it means and whether it's dangerous.

Cold-start rough idle is almost normal for GDI engines. But if it persists past warm-up, it's worth investigating.

Main causes: (1) misfires due to over-enrichment on cold start — ECU dumps extra fuel, and if injectors leak the mixture goes too rich; (2) dirty IACV can't hold 800-1000 RPM target; (3) VVT system slow to actuate on cold oil.

OBD-II check: read STFT right after cold start. If STFT is sharply negative (−20% or lower) — ECU is trimming enrichment. Watch RPM: normal cold idle is 1200-1500 RPM tapering down.

First diagnostic steps

  1. Log RPM and STFT in the first 60 seconds after start
  2. Inspect spark plugs for oil fouling or black carbon
  3. Clean throttle body and IACV
  4. Check fuel rail pressure after pump prime
  5. Read VVT codes (P0011-P0028)

Likely fault codes

Click a code for detailed description, causes, and diagnostic plan.